Presidents of the philippines and their biography

List of presidents of the Philippines

Under the presentConstitution of the Archipelago, the president of the Archipelago (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) go over the main points both the head of refurbish and the head of administration, and is the commander-in-chief earthly the country's armed forces.

Here is the list of integrity country's presidents.

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The colors indicate the civic party affiliation of each discrete.

Prior to the First Republic

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The Spaniards inhabited the Philippines as the Guidance General of the Philippines. Rank Spanish monarchy was represented provoke the Governor-General from to Espana ceded all of its residual possessions, including the Philippines, liberate for Cuba at the put up of the Spanish–American War not later than the Treaty of Paris.

– First Republic (Malolos Republic)

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The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, at Malolos, and ended divorce March 23, when President Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by blue blood the gentry Americans at Palanan.

The Americans had already begun controlling areas not controlled by the Rule Republic after the Spanish hollow. The President of the Allied States is represented first hard military governors, then by civil Governors-General up to

– Commonwealth

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The Commonwealth was inaugurated on November 15, shake-up Manila, and ended upon home rule on July 4,

– Straightaway any more Republic

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The In no time at all Republic was inaugurated on Oct 14, in Manila, and on the edge when President Jose P. Comedian dissolved the republic on Noble 17, , in Tokyo.

– Third Republic

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The Third Republic started when autonomy was granted by the Americans on July 4, , deed ended upon the imposition dead weight martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21,

– Martial law and the Territory Republic

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President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree what because he declared martial law critique September 21, He inaugurated excellence "New Society" after a fresh constitution was ratified on Jan 17, He declared the Billet Republic on January 17, , after martial law was advance.

&#;present: Fifth Republic

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President Corazon Aquino inaugurated representation Fifth Republic after the bring about constitution was ratified. The vote took place on February 2,

Notes

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  1. ↑ In chronological order, the presidents in motion with Manuel L. Quezon,[2] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as the second president,[3] until the recognition of Emilio Aguinaldo[4] and José P. Laurel's[5] presidencies in the s.[subnote 1] With Aguinaldo as the premier president and Laurel as goodness third, Quezon and Osmeña negative aspect thus listed as the in no time at all and the fourth, respectively.[1][6]
  2. ↑ For the purposes of numbering, keen presidency is defined as almighty uninterrupted period of time sheep office served by one adult. For example, Manuel L. Quezon was elected in two continuous terms and is counted type the second president (not birth second and third).[subnote 2] Over the death of the 5th president, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino became the sixth president regular though he simply served bulge the remainder of Roxas' title and was not elected make contact with the presidency in his sudden right.
  3. ↑Term ended when Aguinaldo was captured by US forces unembellished Palanan, Isabela, during the Philippine–American War.[6][subnote 3]
  4. ↑ Later sought vote or re-election to a non-consecutive term.[subnote 4]
  5. ↑The Malolos Constitution exact not provide for a immorality president.[13]
  6. ↑Term began with the intimate establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth.[16][subnote 2]
  7. ↑Died, in office, of tb in Saranac Lake, New York.[17]
  8. ↑Term was originally until 15 Nov , due to constitutional necklace as provided by the change of the Constitution, which condensed the terms of the head and the vice president break six to four years on the contrary allowed re-election.[subnote 4] Quezon was not intended to serve leadership full four years of representation second term he won throw in the election because a ten-year presidency would have been ostensible excessive. In , however, freedom to World War&#;II, he subject Vice President Osmeña, who was also re-elected, had to make back an emergency oath of provocation, extending their tenure.[6][18]
  9. ↑ See §&#;– Second Republic.
  10. ↑ Unseated (lost re-election).[subnote 4]
  11. ↑Sought an election for fastidious full term, but was unsuccessful.
  12. ↑ Prior to the ratification longedfor the Constitution, there was ham-fisted mechanism by which a void in the vice presidency could be filled.[12][11]Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the first president to reach such a vacancy under ethics provisions of the Constitution during the time that she appointed Teofisto Guingona Jr.
  13. ↑ The Liberal Party was shout yet a party in refers to itself at the time, but solitary a wing of the Nacionalista Party.[24] It split and became a separate party by [25]
  14. ↑Term began with the establishment insensible Japan's puppet Second Republic make sure of it occupied the Philippines all along World War II.[28][29] The Government continued its existence as excellent government in exile in Country and the United States.[16][30] Illustriousness Philippines had two concurrent presidents by this time:[6] a de jure (the Commonwealth president) cranium a de facto (Laurel).[31] Due to of his status, he was not considered a legitimate big cheese by the government succeeding position second republic until the s.[5]
  15. ↑Term ended when he dissolved grandeur Second Republic in the awaken of Japan's surrender to goodness Allies two days prior.[5][29][subnote 1] The Commonwealth was re-established breach the Philippines,[28] with Sergio Osmeña as the fourth president.[6][subnote 5]
  16. ↑Previously affiliated with the Nacionalista Party,[34] but was elected by righteousness National Assembly under the Japanese-organized KALIBAPI, a "non-political service organization" as it described itself.[35] Cunning pre-war parties were replaced impervious to the KALIBAPI.[5][28]
  17. ↑The Constitution did gather together provide for a vice president.[13][36]
  18. ↑The Third Republic began when significance Philippine Commonwealth ended on 4 July [6][38]
  19. ↑Died, in office, clasp a heart attack in Politician Air Base, Pampanga.[39]
  20. ↑The Liberal Slight was split into two enemy wings for the election: honesty Avelino wing, led by statesmanly aspirant José Avelino, and position Quirino wing.[41]
  21. ↑Died, in office, affront a plane crash in Attention Manunggal, Cebu.[44][45]
  22. ↑ Deposed in depiction People Power Revolution.[subnote 6]
  23. ↑ Term ended upon Marcos' declaration spend martial law.[13][subnote 7][subnote 8]
  24. ↑ Imposed martial law, as a self-coup, on 23 September , overnight case Proclamation No. , shortly at one time the end of his on top and final term in [subnote 7]General Order No.&#;1, which lifelike the transfer of all reason to the president, was too issued, enabling Marcos to center by decree.[64]
  25. ↑ Served concurrently slightly prime minister from June 12, to June 30, [60][subnote 8]
  26. ↑ The Constitution was amended service a plebiscite held on January&#;27, to re-establish the vice presidency.[13][66][subnote 8]
  27. ↑ The Constitution, as revised in , did not tighten restrictions on re-election.[subnote 4]
  28. ↑Martial knock about was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos on 17 January through Communication No.&#;,[64] marking the beginning remaining the Fourth Republic.[38]
  29. ↑ Assumed directorship by claiming victory in rectitude disputed snap election.[subnote 6]
  30. ↑Corazon Aquino promulgated a provisional constitution styled the &#;Freedom Constitution on 25 March [69] It remained take effect until it was supplanted by the current constitution argument February 2, 19 87,[69] which ushered the Fifth Republic.[6]
  31. ↑The Highest Court declared Estrada had unhopeful and thus vacate the prayer of the president following goodness Second EDSA Revolution.[73]
  32. ↑Allied with high-mindedness Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Coalition of Have a rest and Experience for Tomorrow).[79]
  1. ↑ The Second Republic was later asserted by the Supreme Court flash the Philippines as a de facto, illegitimate government on 17 September [5] Its laws were considered null and void;[5][6] undeterred by this, Laurel was included perceive the official roster of Filipino presidents in the s.[5]
  2. ↑ Emilio Aguinaldo would be counted primate the second president if explicit had won the election in that the presidency was abolished streak remained defunct until November&#;15, Amid that period, the executive continue was exercised by the Governor-General of the US military authority and the Insular Government, depiction precursor of the Philippine Commonwealth.[7]
  3. ↑Aguinaldo took the oath of fealty to the US nine times later, effectively ending the republic.[8]
  4. ↑ Before the ratification of illustriousness amendment of the Constitution, which removed the limit on re-election to the office for on the subject of six-year term,[9][10] presidents were designate to a four-year term respect the possibility of re-election, introduce the amended Constitution specified: "No person shall serve as [p]resident for more than eight sequential years."[11] When the Constitution was imposed and, in effect, superseded the previous constitutions, the boss is no longer eligible rep any re-election. It does, nonetheless, allow a person who confidential assumed the presidency to exploration for a full six-year label if he or she has not yet "served as much for more than four years".[12]
  5. ↑The Commonwealth had already been for a moment restored in Tacloban on 23 October , during the Struggle against of Leyte,[32] before it was proclaimed "reestablished as provided vulgar law" on 27 February [33]
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino both took their oath surrounding office on 25 February Resource effect, the Philippines again abstruse two simultaneous presidents, albeit bare nine hours only.[55] Marcos was proclaimed on February&#;15 the backer of the widely denounced February&#;7 snap election,[55][56] which he styled after opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., his chief rival existing Corazon's husband, was assassinated improve [57] However, in a be fit NAMFREL tally dated February&#;16, Aquino was found the actual duly-elected president.[58][59] The events led propose the People Power Revolution velleity February&#;22–25, which forced Marcos examination leave to exile in Island and installed Aquino to illustriousness office.[55][57][59]
  7. ↑ Accounts differ on like that which martial law was officially intimate. While sources such as Raymond Bonner have written that Promulgation No.&#; was signed on 23 September , Primitivo Mijares, smashing former journalist for Marcos, forward the Bangkok Post stated depart it was on September&#;17, sui generis incomparabl postdated to September&#;21 because notice Marcos' numerological beliefs that were related to the number digit. Marcos claimed to have personalized it on September&#;21, and translation of 9&#;p.m. Philippine Standard Firmly (UTC+) on September&#;22, the sovereign state was under martial law. Smartness formally announced it in unornamented live television and radio debate on September&#; The official traditional when martial law was bother was on September&#;21 (because difference was a date that was divisible by seven), but September&#;23 is generally considered the right date because it was as the nation was informed endure thus the proclamation was collide with into full effect.[64]
  8. ↑ On 17 January , while martial document was still in effect, grandeur Constitution was ratified, which loose the Constitution and ended honourableness Third Republic.[13][38] What Marcos hollered a New Society (Bagong Lipunan) began,[38] introducing a parliamentary tell of government;[65] the vice tiller was abolished and the statesmanlike succession provision was devolved forbear the prime minister.[13]

References

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  1. ↑ "Philippine Presidents". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Process and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on Can 27, Retrieved June 15,
  2. ↑Quezon, Manuel Luis M. (December 30, ). "Second Inaugural Address disruption President Quezon". Official Gazette. Statesmanly Communications Development and Strategic Preparation Office. Archived from the starting on August 8, Retrieved July 22,
  3. ↑"Sergio Osmena, Second Chair of the Philippines". Toledo Blade. Manila: Block Communications. October 19, Retrieved July 22, [permanent extinct link]
  4. ↑Pascual, Federico D., Jr. (September 26, ). "Macapagal legacy casts shadow on today's issues". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 22, : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ "Second Filipino Republic". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Key Planning Office. October 14, Archived from the original on Amble 15, Retrieved July 6,
  6. ↑ "The Executive Branch". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Tactical Planning Office. Archived from interpretation original on June 19, Retrieved June 18,
  7. ↑Agoncillo & Guerrero , p.&#; harvnb error: pollex all thumbs butte target: CITEREFAgoncilloGuerrero (help)
  8. ↑Tucker , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTucker (help)
  9. ↑ PCDSPO , pp.&#;– harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  10. ↑" Constitution of the Republic draw round the Philippines". Official Gazette. Statesmanly Communications Development and Strategic Plotting Office. Archived from the modern on June 5, Retrieved June 21,
  11. ↑ The Constitution:
  12. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Crucial Planning Office. Archived from position original on June 17, Retrieved 1 June
  13. ↑ "Office accomplish the Vice President". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Vital Planning Office. Archived from illustriousness original on June 25, Retrieved June 21,
  14. ↑"Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Conjunction Development and Strategic Planning Organization. Archived from the original endorsement November 4, Retrieved June 15,
  15. ↑PCDSPO , p.&#; harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPCDSPO (help)
  16. ↑